How to Get a CDL License: Your Roadmap to Becoming a Commercial Driver

Truck drivers keep America moving, hauling more than 70% of the nation’s freight every year. If you’re ready to start a career in trucking, earning your Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) is your first step. A CDL allows you to legally operate large commercial vehicles across state lines, and with growing demand for professional drivers, now’s the perfect time to get started.

Below, we’ll break down the process, requirements, and costs for getting your CDL, plus answer common questions like how hard it is to get a CDL, how old you have to be, and how long it takes to acquire one.

What Is a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL)?

A Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) is a credential required to operate heavy, large, or hazardous-material vehicles in the U.S and your first step in becoming a truck driver. CDLs are regulated by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) but issued by each state’s Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV).

There are three classes of CDL, depending on the type and size of the vehicle you’ll drive:

• Class A: For operating any combination of vehicles with a gross combination weight of 26,001 pounds or more (e.g., tractor-trailers).

• Class B: For single vehicles weighing 26,001 pounds or more (e.g., dump trucks, box trucks, buses).

• Class C: For vehicles carrying 16+ passengers or hazardous materials, or for smaller commercial vehicles.

Looking for information on a non-CDL Class C license? Some states allow smaller commercial vehicles that don’t require a CDL. Always check your state’s DMV for local rules.

5 Steps to Getting Your CDL License

Step 1: Meet CDL Eligibility Requirements

Before starting the process, ensure you meet your state’s basic requirements:

• Age: At least 18 years old for driving within your state (intrastate) or at least 21 for driving across state lines (interstate) or hazmat transport.

• Driver’s license and other self-identification forms: Hold a valid non-commercial license, social security card, birth certificate or valid U.S. passport, or resident card (non-American citizens)

• Medical certification: Pass a Department of Transportation (DOT) physical exam and drug screening.

• Driving record: Maintain a clean record free of major violations.

Note: Each state may have different documentation, fees, or waiting periods, so visit your state’s DMV website to understand specific eligibility, forms, and testing requirements.

Step 2: Get a Commercial Learner’s Permit (CLP)

Before earning your CDL, you’ll need a Commercial Learner’s Permit (CLP). This permit allows you to practice driving a commercial vehicle under supervision.

To earn your CLP, you must:

• Pass a written knowledge exam covering general vehicle operation, air brakes, and combination vehicles. This varies depending on the class of the license.

• Provide proof of identity, residency, and medical certification via a DOT physical exam.

• Hold your CLP for at least 14 days before taking your road skills test.

Your CLP is valid for up to 180 days and can usually be renewed if needed.

Step 3: Complete CDL Entry-Level Driver Training

As of 2022, the FMCSA requires Entry-Level Driver Training (ELDT) for all first-time CDL applicants. Training must be completed through an FMCSA-approved provider and includes both classroom instruction of vehicle inspection and safety skills, along with, behind-the-wheel experience.

You can enroll through:

• Private CDL schools

• Community college programs

• Carrier-sponsored training programs: many companies offer paid training or tuition reimbursement

Training typically lasts 4-8 weeks, depending on your schedule and the program format.

Step 4: Pass the CDL Skills Test

After holding you CLP and completing training, schedule your skills test, which includes three portions:

• Vehicle inspection: prior to the road test, you must demonstrate your ability to check vehicle safety systems.

• Basic controls test: this is where you show skills like backing, parking, and turning

• Road exam: Drive on public roads to prove safe operation under real conditions

You must take the test in a vehicle that matches the CDL class you’re applying for.

Step 5: Pay the Licensing Fees and Get Your CDL

After passing the skills test, you’ll pay your state’s CDL issuance fees at the testing area and officially receive your Commercial Driver’s License printed on-site or via mail. You will then be qualified to operate commercial vehicles professionally. Remember, a CDL license must be renewed regularly and the expiration will vary by state.

How Old Do You Have to Be to Get a CDL?

You must be at least 18 years old to drive commercial vehicles within your state and 21 years old to drive across state lines or transport hazardous materials. Many drivers start at 18 with local routes, gaining experience until they qualify for interstate driving at 21.

How Much Does It Cost to Get a CDL?

Costs can vary among state and training providers, so check your state’s DMV website for more specific pricing details. Here is a general breakdown of the CDL cost range:

• CDL application and testing fees: $30 - $100

• DOT physical exam: $75 - $150

• CDL training program: $3,000 - $7,000 (some carriers will reimburse tuition)

• Endorsements: $10 - $50 each

How Long Does It Take to Get a CDL License?

The full process can take anywhere from 6 to 12 weeks, depending on your schedule, training availability, and testing dates:

• Full-time CDL training program: 4 - 8 weeks

• Part-time training or self-study: 2 - 3 months

How Hard Is It to Get a CDL License?

Earning your CDL isn’t hard if you prepare properly. Most drivers find the written exams manageable with study and practice tests. The road skills test requires hands-on experience and familiarity with your vehicle, which is exactly what the entry-level driver training and practice hours are designed to build.

What Else Can I Do Now That I Have a CDL?

There is a world of possibilities now that you have your CDL. Before becoming an owner-operator, most drivers spend 1-2 years gaining experience through long-haul or regional routes to build their skills and confidence on the road. You could then look into the path of buying your own commercial truck, such as a Freightliner or Western Star, which is the first step to becoming an owner operator. Before making this investment, be sure that you understand the ongoing maintenance costs and how to keep your truck in top condition for the long haul. SelecTrucks offers reliable owner-operator financing options to help make purchasing and insuring your truck simple and stress-free.

Start Your Driving Career With SelecTrucks

At SelecTrucks, we’re committed to helping drivers build long-term success behind the wheel. Whether you’re earning your first CDL or stepping up to your next truck, we’re here to help you get started.

Explore our SelecTrucks nationwide inventory of quality used semi trucks, backed by industry-leading warranties and flexible financing options, so you can drive with peace-of-mind from day one.

Visit our website or contact us today to learn more about how SelecTrucks can help keep you moving forward.